Kfeirt or Keywords
are the core vocabulary of Lojsk. This category includes all nouns,
verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Kfeirt may be
categorized into three groups based on their function within a phrase
or sub-phrase. These functions are defined by the kfeirt’s
respective Grammatical Marker (GRAR).
Kfeirt are broken down into three basic types:
fanc the ‘function’, ‘verb’, ‘action-in-focus’,
or ‘state-in-focus’ of the phrase
jba6k the ‘arguments’ of the fanc
tcait the ‘properties’ or ‘states’ of a jba6k,
or of a ‘parent’/’higher order’ tcait
Using the symbols (f) to identify fanc, (j) to identify jba6k,
and (t) to identify tcait, let us examine the following example:
The boy eats a very red apple.
:a manj le botc xe pom vi xun kfo gal q:
:a manj(f) le botc(j) xe
pom(j) vi xun(t) kfo gal(t) q:
The fanc of the example is:
The fanc is identified by the grar
vi fanc or the ‘function
marker’. The grar vi fanc ends in “_a” or “._a” (where ‘_’ is
the appropriate grar beginning). (Note: those grar
vi fanc that end
in “._a” identify fanc
vi dam or ‘low functions’.
These are the functions of sub-ordinate clauses, or sub-phrases,
and thus the manner of creating a sub-ordinate clause or sub-phrase.
The fanc of the main clause or main phrase is thus officially labeled
the fanc vi gal or ‘high function’. See the section titled “Subordinate
Clauses / Subordinate Phrases”)
The jba6k of the example are:
le
botc (the boy, where the boy is identified as the ‘executive’ or ‘subject’ of
the phrase)
and
xe pom (the apple, where the apple is identified
as the ‘object’ or ‘recipient’ of
the phrase)
The jba6k are identified by their respective
grar vi jba6k or ‘argument
markers’. The grar
vi jba6k ends in “e”. (Note:
as discussed above, sub-ordinate clauses or sub-phrases are created
by introducing a fanc vi
dam. This is accomplished by adding “._a” to
a grar (where ‘_’ is the appropriate grar beginning).
This is most commonly done on grar
vi jba6k. Thus you should expect
to see grar vi jba6k that end in “e.a”. Meaning, of course,
that the sub-ordinate clause / sub-phrase is acting as the jba6k.)
The tcait of the example are:
vi
xun (red, where red is identified as a ‘restricting’ or ‘modifying’ property
of the apple)
and
kfo gal (high, where high is identified
as the degree of red of the apple)
The
tcait are identified by their respective grar
vi tcait or ‘property
markers’. There
are ten
degrees of tcait. ‘First
degree’ tcait are
properties of a jba6k, ‘second
degree’ tcait are ‘fine
tuning’ properties
of a ‘first degree’ tcait, ‘third
degree’ tcait ‘fine
tune’ second
degree tcait,
and so on. See the
grar
/ grammatical markers section for
all the grar endings.
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